As the "blood vessels" and "nerves" of the automotive electronic and electrical system, the automotive wiring harness is the key network body that connects various electronic components, ECUs, sensors and actuators inside the vehicle, and is responsible for the transmission of power and signals. According to the voltage level, wiring harnesses are mainly divided into high-voltage wiring harnesses (with a voltage higher than 60V) and low-voltage wiring harnesses. The former has higher requirements in terms of temperature resistance, voltage resistance and anti-electromagnetic interference. Aichie provides customers with one-stop wiring harness services and can produce and customize all types of wiring harnesses: high-voltage wiring harnesses, low-voltage wiring harnesses, high-frequency and high-speed cables, automotive internal wire harness, energy storage wiring harnesses, industrial wiring harnesses, and electronic wiring harnesses, etc. As the automotive industry accelerates its development towards electrification, intelligence and connectivity, the technical requirements and market demands for wiring harnesses are undergoing profound changes, and their importance is increasingly prominent.

High-voltage wiring harnesses: A core incremental market in the wave of electrification

Against the backdrop of the accelerated electrification of the global automotive market, the demand for high-voltage wiring harnesses is experiencing explosive growth. Pure electric vehicles rely entirely on high-voltage batteries for power supply. Their battery capacity and motor power are usually larger, which puts forward higher requirements for the performance and value of high-voltage wiring harnesses. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the high-voltage wiring harnesses of new energy vehicles need to withstand higher voltages (usually 300V-800V) and larger currents, and also need to have excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and anti-electromagnetic interference properties. Therefore, the value per vehicle of high-voltage wiring harnesses has significantly increased, reaching 2,000 to 3,500 yuan, which is much higher than that of traditional low-voltage wiring harnesses. Aichie provides customers with high-quality and highly reliable high-voltage wiring harnesses for new energy vehicles and has cooperated with many well-known automakers to supply automotive wiring harnesses for them.

According to industry reports, the global market size of automotive high-voltage wiring harnesses reached 39.7 billion yuan in 2023. It is expected to increase to 48.4 billion yuan in 2024 and reach 99.8 billion yuan in 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.1% during this period. This growth is mainly attributed to the rapid increase in the global penetration rate of new energy vehicles, especially the policy-driven and technological breakthroughs in the three major markets of China, Europe and North America. In addition, the gradual popularization of 800V high-voltage platforms has further raised the technical threshold and added value of high-voltage wiring harnesses, bringing new development opportunities to leading enterprises in the industry.

High-speed wiring harnesses: The future growth pole driven by intelligence

Meanwhile, the trend of automotive intelligence is driving a sharp increase in the demand for high-speed data transmission. As the level of autonomous driving evolves from L2 to L3/L4, the number of on-board sensors (such as cameras, radars, and lidars) has increased significantly, and the data transmission rate has also risen from 150 Mbps to 24 Gbps. This has given rise to the application of high-speed connectors and related wiring harnesses to meet the demands of low-latency and high-bandwidth data transmission.

The value of a high-speed wiring harness per vehicle is usually between 300 and 1,500 yuan, and it increases with the improvement of the vehicle's intelligence level and configuration. For instance, vehicles supporting autonomous driving systems require more high-speed data transmission channels to process real-time data from multiple high-definition cameras and millimeter-wave radars. The global market size of automotive high-speed wiring harnesses was 16.8 billion yuan in 2023. It is expected to expand to 27.8 billion yuan in 2024 and reach 81.6 billion yuan by 2030, with a CAGR as high as 25.3%. The growth rate far exceeds that of high-voltage wiring harnesses, demonstrating even more rapid growth potential.

The global competitive landscape: Dominated by Japan and the United States, Chinese enterprises are catching up at an accelerated pace

The global automotive wiring harness market has long been dominated by Japanese and American giants, among which the combined market share of Japanese manufacturers Sumitomo Electric and Yazaki exceeds 50%. Other enterprises such as Aptiv from the USA, Leoni from Germany, Samar from India and Lear from the USA also hold important positions. These international giants, relying on their technological accumulation, scale advantages and global layout, have long monopolized the high-end market, especially holding a dominant position in the field of high-voltage and high-speed wire harnesses.

In contrast, although the domestic wire harness market in China has a large number of manufacturers, its concentration and market share are relatively low, and there is huge room for improvement. Domestic wire harness enterprises can roughly be classified into four categories: independent wire harness factories (such as Kunshan Huguang and Tianhai Electronics), wire harness factories for automotive manufacturers (such as BYD's Fudi Wire Harness), foreign-funded factories (such as Sumitomo Electric's subsidiaries in China), and joint ventures (such as the joint venture between Aptiv and local enterprises). Overall, foreign-funded and joint venture enterprises still hold a dominant position. However, with the rapid advancement of China's automotive "three modernizations" (electrification, intelligence, and connectivity) and the rise of domestic auto brands, domestic wiring harness manufacturers are gradually increasing their market share through technological breakthroughs and cost advantages.

Connector: The key interface of the wiring harness system

At both ends of the wiring harness, connectors play a crucial role in connecting the wiring harness with electrical equipment. In the markets of automotive high-voltage wiring harnesses and high-speed wiring harnesses, the market share of connectors is expected to reach 55% and 65% respectively. The technical threshold and added value of connectors are even higher than those of the wiring harnesses themselves. High-voltage connectors need to meet the transmission requirements of high voltage and large current, and at the same time possess excellent sealing performance and shock resistance. High-speed connectors need to address the issues of loss and interference in the transmission of high-frequency signals, and have extremely high requirements for materials, structures and processes.

The global automotive connector market is also dominated by American and Japanese enterprises, with leading companies holding solid positions, including Tyco Electronics (Switzerland), Yazaki (Japan), Aptiv (USA), JAE (Japan Air Electronics), and Rosenberg (Germany), among others. These enterprises, relying on their first-mover advantages and technological barriers, have long monopolized the high-end market. However, in recent years, domestic connector manufacturers in China have made remarkable breakthroughs in the field of high-voltage and high-speed connectors. For instance, Suzhou Ruike Da has developed high-voltage and high-current connectors, AVIC Optoelectronics has provided liquid-cooled charging solutions, and Dianlian Technology has developed high-speed connectors for vehicles. With cost advantages and localized service capabilities, these enterprises are gradually promoting the process of domestic substitution and expanding overseas markets as Chinese vehicle manufacturers "go global".

Future: Driven by both technological upgrading and domestic substitution

As the automotive electronic and electrical architecture evolves from distributed to domain-centralized, the design of wiring harnesses and connectors will also tend towards integration and lightweight. For instance, Tesla's 48V low-voltage architecture and simplified wiring harness solution may become one of the future technological directions in the industry. For Chinese enterprises, seizing the historical opportunities of electrification and intelligence and breaking through the core technologies of high-voltage and high-speed wiring harnesses and connectors is the key to achieving a leapfrog development.

It can be foreseen that the global automotive wiring harness market will maintain a high growth rate in the coming years, and the share of Chinese manufacturers is expected to increase further. With the multiple impetus of policy support, industrial chain collaboration and technological innovation, domestic enterprises may achieve a leap from "following" to "keeping pace" or even "taking the lead" in high-pressure and high-speed fields.

Aichie is a leading provider of connection solutions in the industry, focusing on producing high quality connectors, cables and wire harnesses. Aichie has hundreds of skilled employees in two factories, the domestic factory is located in the famous manufacturing city Dongguan City China , and the overseas factory is located in Tan Uyen City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam. Products are widely used in industries such as Automobiles, Clean Energy, Automation manufacturing, and Smart Homes.

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